Apparatus for manufacturing leather



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sh eet 1.

D. HAYS.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING LEATHER.

No. 595,303. Patented Dec. 14,1897.

I11 I I l; I IWWIII (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. I). HAYS. APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING LEATHER. N0. 5 9 5,3 0 3.

Patented Dec. 14,1897.

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DANIEL HAYS, OF GLOVERSVILLE, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURlNG LEATHER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,303, dated December 14, 1897.

Application filed January 2'7, 1897. Serial No. 620,916. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL HAYS, residing at Gloversville, in the county of Fulton and State of New York, have invented anew and useful Apparatus for the Manufacture of Leather, of which the following is a speci fication.

This invention relates to an apparatus for fulling and drying hides and skins, the object of the invention being to provide an exceedingly cheap and simple apparatus which will greatly expedite, simplify, and cheapen the methods now in use.

Another object of the invention is to improve the character of the leather produced; and a still further object is to provide an apparatus which will dispense with a great deal of the labor necessarily employed in the old methods.

Vith these various objects in view my invention consists in improved apparatus for forcing air through the skins or hides while contained within the stock or vat and being subjected to the heating or hammering operation.

My invention consists also in improved apparatus for uniformly applying oil to the skins simultaneously with the application of the air.

My invention consists also in constructing the stock or vat with a series of perforations at the sides, ends, and bottom, arranging airtrunks upon the exterior of the stock or vat and covering the said perforated portions, and the air-conducting pipes leading from a suitable blower into the said airtrunks, whereby the air is forced or carried through the skins as they are beat and turned by the heaters and hammers.

My invention consists also in applying a suitable heating apparatus to the blowerpipe, whereby the temperature of the air is regulated as it passes to the stock or vat.

My invention consists also in the peculiar construction of the various parts and in their novel combination or arrangement, all of which will be fully described hereinafter and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings forming a part of this speoification, Figure 1 is aview showing the practical application of my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view. Fig.

8 is a transverse sectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an end view, part of the air-trunk being broken away to disclose the perforations in the end of the stock or vat. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the stock or vat, the heaters being removed. Fig. 6 is a detail View showing one end of the stock or vat, the air-trunk being removed. Fig. 7 is a detail view showing the manner of heating the air as it passes to the apparatus.

In the practical embodiment of my invention I employ a stock or vat A, which is substantially the same in general shape and size as the stocks or vats now in use, and working in the said stock or vat are the boaters or hammers B, said heaters or hammers being suspended upon a shaft 0, which is supported by the standards D, projecting upwardly from the sides of the stock or vat. The beaters or hammers are also provided with the depending portions B, to which the pitmen E are attached.

The sides of the stock or vat are perforated near each end, as shown at F, and the ends and bottom are perforated, as shown at G.

Air-trunks II are arranged upon the exterior of the stock or vat in order to cover the perforations F, and leading to the said airtrunks are the branch pipes I, which communicate with the main pipe K, which connects with any suitable construction of air-blower, and by this means air is introduced from the opposite sides of the machine near the ends. The perforations G in the ends and bottom are covered by a combined end and bottom air-trunk L, and communicating with these trunks L are the branch pipes M, which also connect with the main pipe K, so that air is also forced into the stock or vat from each end and also from the bottom, whereby airis forced through the hides or skins from all directions, and as the skins are beaten and turned the air will be forced through the same, thereby carrying on the process of f ulling and drying and tanning in a much quicker and easier manuer,inasmuch as the entire operation can be carried 011 within the stock or vat without removing the hides or skins from said vat, as is now commonly done from six to eight times during each tanning operation.

In order to maintain the air which is forced into the stock or vat at a uniform temperature, I employ a steam heating-coil N, which is arranged within the main supply-pipe at any desirable point and is provided with suitable means of regulation, so that the temperature of the coil, and consequently the temperature of the air passing to the vat or stock, can be maintained at a uniform degree.

Under the old processes oil is sprinkled over the skins by hand; but this is unsatisfactory, inasmuch as the distribution is not uniform either as to time or quantity, and in order to provide for a uniform or even distribution of the oil to the skins I employ a trough O,whicl1 is arranged above the stock or vat at one end thereof and extends entirely across said end, as most clearly shown in the drawings, said trough having a series of perforations produced in the bottom, through which the oil can escape to the stock or vat, the oil being fed to the trough from a tank P, supported in any desirable manner above the trough and provided with a discharge-cock P,which can be regulated to discharge the oil into the trough at the proper uniform speed.

An opening Q is produced in each side of the stock or vat in the air-trunk L near the bottom thereof, through which gummed oil or scrap pieces of material can be removed, said openings being normally closed by means of suitable plates R.

It will thus be seen that I provide an eX- ceedingly cheap, simple, and efficient method for fulling, tanning, and drying the skins and also an exceedingly cheap, simple, and durable machine for carrying out the said method.

The operation of my device having been clearly described in connection with the description of its construction, a further explanation is not deemed necessary, and it will be understood that I do not limit myself to the special construction or arrangement of any of the parts, as they may all be changed or varied to a certain extent without departing from the broad principle of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine for fulling, drying and tanning hides and skins, a stationary vat or stock having the perforated sides and ends, the airtrunks covering the said perforated portions, and the air-supply pipes leading to the said air-trunks, substantially as shown and described.

2. In an apparatus for fulling, drying and tanning hides and skins, a stationary vat or stock having the perforated sides, ends and bot-tom, the air-trunks covering the said perforated portions, and the air-supply pipes leading to the said trunks, substantially as shown and described.

3. In an apparatus for f ulling, drying and tanning skins, and hides, a stationary stock or vat having the perforated sides, ends and bottom, the air-trunks covering the said perforated portions, the air-supply pipes, and the heating-coil arranged in the main air-su pply pipe for the purpose of maintaining the air at a proper temperature, substantially as shown and described.

4. In an apparatus for fulling, drying and tanning hides and skins, the combination of a stock or vat having the perforated ends, sides and bottom, and the air-trunks covering the said perforated portions, the air-pipes leading to the said trunks, the distributingtrough and oil-tank, all arranged and adapted to operate substantially as shown and described.

DANIEL HAYS.

Witnesses:

WV. D. WEST, A. D. BEDFoRD. 

